From Canada to the Amazon, scientists are trying to build on Native knowledge before it’s too late.
From his home in remote coastal British Columbia, Ernest  Mason, a 77-year-old elder and hereditary chief of the Kitasoo/Xai’xais  Nation, remembers. He remembers a childhood fishing trip with his  ather, when they packed sleeping bags but caught so many halibut they were home before dark. He remembers setting traps for pink Dungeness  crab and floating hemlock branches to collect edible herring eggs.
He also remembers watching the first two times the  herring stocks collapsed, and then, fearing a third collapse, telling the Canadian government that he and the other chiefs were banning  commercial fishermen from their traditional territorial waters. “I said,  ‘We’ll do what it takes to protect what we have,’” Mason told Vox.  “This is one of the ways our grandfathers taught us, how to look after things. That’s one of the chores now.”